Tamil language: Tamil language

Tamil (தமிழ், tamiḻ, [t̪ɐmɨɻ] ) is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Tamil people of the Indian subcontinent. It has official status in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and in the Indian union territory of Puducherry. Tamil is also an official language of Sri Lanka and Singapore. It is one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and the first Indian language to be declared as a classical language by the government of India in 2004. Tamil is also spoken by significant minorities in Malaysia and Mauritius as well as emigrant communities around the world.

Tamil is one of the two longest surviving classical languages in India. Tamil literature has existed for over two thousand years. The earliest epigraphicrecords found on rock edicts and hero stones date from around the 3rd century BCE. The earliest period of Tamil literature, Sangam literature, is dated from the 300 BCE – 300 CE. Tamil language inscriptions written c. 1st century BCE and 2nd century CE have been discovered in Egypt, Sri Lanka and Thailand. The two earliest manuscripts from India, to be acknowledged and registered by UNESCO Memory of the World register in 1997 and 2005 were in Tamil. More than 55% of the epigraphical inscriptions (about 55,000) found by the Archaeological Survey of India are in the Tamil language.According to a 2001 survey, there were 1,863 newspapers published in Tamil, of which 353 were dailies. It has the oldest extant literature amongst other Dravidian languages. The variety and quality of classical Tamil literature has led it to being described as "one of the great classical traditions and literatures of the world".

Tamil

தமிழ் tamiḻ

Pronunciation [t̪ɐmɨɻ]

Spoken in India, Sri Lanka, Singapore, where it has official status; with significant minorities inCanada, United States, United Kingdom,Malaysia, Mauritius and Myanmar, and emigrant communities around the world.

Total speakers 65,675,200

Language family

Dravidian